Principles of Art and Design

The principles of design describe the ways that artists use the elements of art in a work of art.

They are interdependent.For instance, Balance, Emphasis, Movement, Rhythm, Proportion, Uniti and Variety.

BALANCE

Balance is the distribution of the visual weight of objects, colours, textures, and space. The elements should be balanced to make a design feel stable… or not.

Symmetrical balance conveys a sense of stability.

Asymmetrical balance oftenconveys a sense of movement since the elements of the composition are unbalanced.

EMPHASIS

Emphasis is the part of the design that catches the viewer's attention. Usually the artist will make one area stand out by contrasting it with other areas. The area could be different in size, colour, texture, shape, etc.

RHYTHM

Rhythm result from the organized repetition of an element or elements in a work of art. Three methods of creating rhythm:

•Repetition •Alternation •Progression

              

PROPORTION

Proportion is a principle of art that describes the size, location or amount of one element to another (or to the whole) in a work.

It has a great deal to do with the overall harmony of an individual piece.

Proportion also may be the relationship of the size of an artistic artifact (painting, sculpture, design, etc.) with the human being.

UNITI AND VARIETY

Unity is described as a sense of wholeness or oneness that is present when all parts of an art form work together.

The concern if for the total form rather than individuals parts.

Variety is contrast of colour, different shapes or variations of lines or textures can create some interest and excitement.

COMPOSITION

An orderly arrangement of elements using the principles of design The principles of design help you to carefully plan and organize the elements of art so that you will hold interest and command attention. This is sometimes referred to as visual impact. In any work of art there is a thought process for the arrangement and use of the elements of design. The artist who works with the principles of good composition will create a more interesting piece of art it will be arranged to show a pleasing rhythm and movement. The center of interest will be strong and the viewers will not look away, instead, they will be drawn into the work. A good knowledge of composition is essential in producing good artwork.